{"id":517,"date":"2018-11-22T14:51:35","date_gmt":"2018-11-22T12:51:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/?page_id=517"},"modified":"2019-01-16T11:27:43","modified_gmt":"2019-01-16T09:27:43","slug":"science-technologies-innovations-sti-%e2%84%96-11-2017-6-13-%d1%80","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/?page_id=517&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Science, technologies, innovations (STI) \u2116 1(1) 2017, 6-13 \u0440"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a title=\"All text\" href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/2017-1_stat1_UA_povn.pdf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-359\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/pdf-icon.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"32\" height=\"32\" \/>PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Malyshev O. V.<\/strong> \u2014 PhD in Engineering, Senior Researcher, Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 42, Academic\u0430 Glushkov\u0430 Av., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03187; +38 (050) 445-14-77; oleg_malyshev@ukr.net; ORCID: 0000-0001-8327-344X<\/p>\n<p><strong>THE REJECTION OF THE DIKW PARADIGM IN FAVOR OF THE CONVERTED \u201cPYRAMID\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>Abstract. <\/em><\/strong><em>The current situation, which has developed in the informatics (cybernetics) around the concept of \u201cinformation\u201d is characterized by the lack of its clear, universally accepted interpretation (definition). The situation is complicated by the fact that, one way or another, attempts to eliminate this uncertainty require the inclusion in the review of the concept of \u201cknowledge\u201d, for which there is the same, if not most, uncertainty. It should be recognized that the relationship between these concepts traditionally are defined by the paradigm DIKW which, among other things, considers the knowledge as specific information, building a pyramid, where a layer of knowledge reclines on the information layer. \u201cAnalytical\u201d part of the article contains a reasoned critique of the pyramid DIKW, resulting in the conclusion of the need to abandon it. The \u201csynthetic\u201d part of the article for the interpretation of the term \u201cknowledge\u201d uses the concept of \u201cembodied knowledge\u201d and \u201cinformation\u201d is seen solely as a subjective communicative phenomenon, serving the needs of living beings to communicate. Separately the place of traditional \u201cinformation theory\u201d is shown. As a result, a new pyramid format is proposed, which is free from the shortcomings of the previous, where the knowledge serves as foundation for the information as the superstructure.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><em>Keywords: <\/em><\/strong><em>knowledge, information, DIKW, pyramid, entropy, informatics, cybernetics.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Ackoff R.L. (1989) From Data to Wisdom. Journal of Applied Systems Analysis, Vol. 16, pp. 3\u20139.<\/li>\n<li>Bellinger G., Castro D., Mills A. Data, Information, Knowledge, and Wisdom. Available at: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.systems-thinking.org\/dikw\/dikw.htm\">http:\/\/www.systems-thinking.org\/dikw\/dikw.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Tuzovskiy A.F., Tchirikov S.V., Yampolskiy V.Z. (2005) System\u0443 upravlenia znaniiami (metod\u0443 i tekhnolohii [Knowledge management systems (methods and technologies)]. Tomsk (in Russian), 260 p.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2008) Kak \u201cinformatsyia\u201d stanovytsia \u201cznaniem\u201d? [How \u201cinformation\u201d becomes \u201cknowledge\u201d?]. Systemy pidtrymky pryiniattia rishen. Teoriia i praktyka: Zbirnyk dopovidei naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii z mizhnarodnoiu uchastiu. [Support systems of decision-making. Theory and practice: Book of reports of research and application conference with international participation] (9 June 2008). Kyiv: Institute of mathematical machines and systems problems of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, pp. 147\u2013150.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2011). Anti-DIKW. Obchysliuvalnyi intelekt (rezultaty, problemy, perspektyvy) [Computational intelligence (results, problems, strategies)]: Materialy 1 Mizhnarodnoi naukovo-tekhnichnoi konferentsii [Materials of 1st International scientific and technical conference]. (10-13 May, Cherkasy, Ukrainian), pp. 104\u2013105.<\/li>\n<li>Frick\u00e9 M. (2009). The knowledge pyramid: A critique of the DIKW hierarchy. Journal of information Science, Vol. 35, pp. 131\u2013142.<\/li>\n<li>Bernstein J.H. The Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom Hierarchy and its Antithesis. Available at: https:\/\/journals.lib.washington.edu\/index.php\/nasko\/article\/viewFile\/12806\/11288<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2009) Voploshchennoe znanye [Embodied knowledge] Matematychni mashyny i systemy [Mathematical Machines and Systems], no. 1, pp. 55\u201369.<\/li>\n<li>Chalmers D.J. The Conscious Mind. In Search of a Fundamental Theory. Available at: http:\/\/www.e-reading.club\/bookreader.php\/1022695\/Chalmers__Soznayuschiy_um._V_poiskah_fundamentalnoy_teorii.html<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2012) Informatsyia kak soznateln\u0443i fenomen [Information as a conscious phenomenon] Matematychni mashyny i systemy [Mathematical Machines and Systems], no. 3, pp. 166\u2013177.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. Yet another definition of concept \u201cinformation\u201d. Aktualnye problemy ekonomiki [Contemporary issues of Economics], 2012, no. 11, pp. 33\u201340.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2012) Constructing the definition of the concept of \u201cinformation\u201d. International conference on application of information and communication technology and statistics in economy and education (ICAICTSEE-2012). (October 5\u20136th), University of National and World Economy. Sofia, Bulgaria, pp. 63\u201371.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2012) \u201cYnformatsyia\u201d kak protsess i eho rezultat [\u201cInformation\u201d as a process and its result]. Systemy pidtrymky pryiniattia rishen. Teoriia i praktyka: Zbirnyk dopovidei dystantsiinoi naukovopraktychnoi konferentsii z mizhnarodnoiu uchastiu [Support systems of decision-making. Theory and practice: Book of reports of remote-acting research and application conference with international participation]. (6 June 2012), Kyiv: Institute of mathematical machines and systems problems of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, pp. 119\u2013122.<\/li>\n<li>Triclot M. (2007) Information et entropie. Un double jeu avec les probabilit\u00e9s. Journal Electronique d\u2019Histoire des Probabilit\u00e9s et de la Statistique, Vol. 3, n\u043e. 2, D\u00e9cembre, pp. 24. Available at: http:\/\/www.jehps.net\/Decembre2007\/Triclot.pdf.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2015). Kak \u201cznanye\u201d stanovytsia \u201cynformatsyei\u201d? [How \u201cknowledge\u201d becomes \u201cinformation?\u201d]. Systemy pidtrymky pryiniattia rishen. Teoriia i praktyka: Zbirnyk dopovidei dystantsiinoi naukovo-praktychnoi konferentsii z mizhnarodnoiu uchastiu [Support systems of decision-making. Theory and practice: Book of reports of remoteacting research and application conference with international participation]. (6 June 2012), Kyiv: Institute of mathematical machines and systems problems of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, pp. 149\u2013153.<\/li>\n<li>Gallager R.G. (1974) Teoriya informatsii i nadezhnaya svyaz [Information Theory and Reliable Communication]. Moscow (in Russian), pp. 720.<\/li>\n<li>Wiener N. (1968) Kibernetika ili upravlenie i svyaz v zhivotnom i mashine [Cybernetics or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine]. Moscow (in Russian), pp. 327.<\/li>\n<li>Tourchin V.F. (2000) Fenomen nauki: Kiberneticheskiy podkhod k evolyutsii [The Phenomenon of Science: The Cybernetic Approach to Evolution]. Moscow (in Russian), pp. 368.<\/li>\n<li>Gleick J. (2013) Informatsiya. Istoriya. Teoriya. Potok [The information. A History. A Theory. A Flood]. Translation from English M. Kononenko, Moscow (in Russian), pp. 576.<\/li>\n<li>Margalef R. (2011) Perspektivy v ekologicheskoy teorii [Perspectives in Ecological Theory]. Translation from English A.G. Rozenberg, G.S. Rozenberg, G.A. Sharaeva, Tolyatti (in Russian), pp. 122.<\/li>\n<li>Malyshev O.V. (2016) Rozdumy pro \u201cinformatsiiu\u201d [Reflections on \u201cinformation\u201d]. \u201cMizhdystsyplinarni doslidzhennia aktualnykh problem zastosuvannia informatsiinykh tekhnolohii v suchasnomu sviti\u201d: zb. materialiv V Vseukr. nauk.-prakt. konf. \u201cHlushkovski chytannia\u201d [\u201cInterdisciplinary researches of contemporary issues of informatization in the modern world\u201d: sourcebook Vst All-Ukrainian scientific-technical conference \u201cHlushkovski reading\u201d], Kyiv, pp. 123\u2013124.<\/li>\n<li>Brillouin L. (2010) Nauchnaya neopredelennost i informatsiya [Scientific uncertainty and information]. Translation from English, Moscow (in Russian), pp. 272.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PDF Malyshev O. V. \u2014 PhD in Engineering, Senior Researcher, Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 42, Academic\u0430 Glushkov\u0430 Av., Kyiv, Ukraine, 03187; +38 (050) 445-14-77; oleg_malyshev@ukr.net; ORCID: 0000-0001-8327-344X THE REJECTION OF THE DIKW PARADIGM IN FAVOR OF THE CONVERTED \u201cPYRAMID\u201d Abstract. The current situation, which &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link btn\" href=\"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/?page_id=517&#038;lang=en\">Continue reading<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/517"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=517"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/517\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":522,"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/517\/revisions\/522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nti.ukrintei.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=517"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}